What is meant by the term 'functional curriculum' in special education?

The term 'functional curriculum' in special education refers to a curriculum aimed at teaching basic life skills that students need to manage daily activities and to live independently. This approach focuses on practical, real-world skills such as personal hygiene, cooking, time management, and financial literacy, which are essential for students, particularly in preparing them for life after school.

Functional curricula are often tailored to meet the individual needs of students with disabilities, ensuring that they acquire skills that are relevant and applicable to their everyday lives. By emphasizing these key life skills, educators can help students enhance their autonomy, participate more fully in their communities, and improve their overall quality of life.

A curriculum focusing on academic subjects might not directly address the daily living needs of students, while vocational training may cover specific job skills rather than the broader range of life skills emphasized in a functional curriculum. A focus on standardized tests does not prioritize the practical skills that functional curricula aim to impart.