What term describes the legal age at which a student is recognized as an adult?

The term that describes the legal age at which a student is recognized as an adult is "majority age." This is the age at which an individual gains full legal rights and responsibilities, allowing them to engage in contracts, vote, and make decisions independent of parental consent. In most jurisdictions, the majority age is 18 years old, although it can vary slightly depending on the specific laws of each state or country.

The other terms provided do not accurately reflect this legal status. "Minority age" typically refers to the period before reaching majority and is not a recognized legal status. "Legal age of consent" relates to the age at which an individual can legally consent to sexual activities, which is a different legal concept. "Student emancipation age" may imply circumstances where a student is legally emancipated from their parents or guardians, but this does not universally define the age of adulthood. Therefore, "majority age" is the correct and most relevant term in this context.