Which theory is based on student observation to gain knowledge through modeling and demonstrations?

The theory that is based on student observation to gain knowledge through modeling and demonstrations is rooted in the principles of social learning theory. This approach emphasizes the importance of observational learning, imitation, and modeling. When students observe others, particularly peers or authoritative figures, engaging in specific behaviors, they learn vicariously. They can see the consequences of actions and understand the expected outcomes, which in turn influences their own behavior.

The sociological perspective aligns well with this understanding, as it underscores the role of social context and interactions in the learning process. Learning is viewed as a social endeavor where students benefit from watching and participating in modeled behaviors, which enhances their understanding and skills.

In contrast, cognitive theories focus more on internal processes such as thinking, memory, and problem-solving rather than on social factors. Behavioral theories emphasize external stimuli and responses, while achievement theories typically measure student performance and success rather than learning processes connected to observation and modeling.